Wave-3

Wave-6

取极小的一段空气柱进行分析,则当声波传播时,空气柱压强的变化量:
\begin{align} \Delta p &=-B \frac{\Delta V}{V}\\ \\ &=-B \frac{(x_{2}+s_{2}-x_{1}-s_{1})-(x_{2}-x_{1})}{x_{2}-x_{1}} \\ &=-B \frac{\Delta s}{\Delta x} \end{align}
对空气柱受力分析,它受到的合力:
\begin{align} F_{net}&=(p_{0}+\Delta p_{1})A-(p_{0}+\Delta p_{2})A \\ \\ &=\left( B (\frac{\Delta s}{\Delta x})_{2} - (\frac{\Delta s}{\Delta x})_{1} \right)A\\ &=BA \Delta \frac{\Delta s}{\Delta x} \end{align}
它的质量:
m=\rho \Delta xA
牛顿第二定律:
a= \frac{B}{\rho} \frac{\Delta (\Delta s/\Delta x)}{\Delta x}
x\to {0}:

\frac{\partial^2s}{\partial t^2}=\frac{B}{\rho} \frac{\partial^2s}{\partial x^2}
\implies v= \frac{\partial x}{\partial t}=\sqrt{ \frac{B}{\rho} }
另外:
s(x,t)=s_{m}\cos(kx-\omega t)